Classification of power voltage stabilizers
Classification by Output Current Nature
Based on the different output characteristics, voltage regulators are generally classified into two main categories: AC voltage regulators (AC regulated power supplies) and DC voltage regulators (DC regulated power supplies).
Classification by Technical Principle (Regulation Method)
Relay-type (stepping) voltage regulators regulate voltage by switching the taps of an autotransformer using relays. Their circuitry is simple, but the voltage regulation accuracy is not high, and momentary interruptions and spark interference may occur during switching.
Servo-type (brush-type/motor-type) voltage regulators continuously and smoothly regulate voltage by driving carbon brushes to slide on the windings of a toroidal transformer using a servo motor. They offer good stability but suffer from mechanical wear and noise.
Electronic (contactless) voltage regulators use power devices such as silicon controlled rectifiers (SCRs) and IGBTs, as well as PWM control technology. They have no mechanical contacts and feature fast response, high accuracy, long lifespan, and high efficiency.
Parameter-type voltage regulators (ferromagnetic resonant type) utilize the saturation characteristics of the core material to achieve voltage regulation. They have strong anti-interference capabilities and good overload capacity, but are large in size, heavy in weight, and sensitive to frequency [5-6]. Magnetic amplification AC voltage regulators stabilize voltage by changing the magnetic reluctance of a magnetic amplification transformer connected in series in the circuit. They feature high voltage regulation accuracy and fast response, but are relatively large and heavy. AC purification voltage regulators combine sinusoidal wave energy distribution with a filter, offering high voltage regulation accuracy, fast response, and spike pulse filtering capabilities.
Classification by Phase Number: Voltage regulators can be classified into single-phase and three-phase regulators.
Classification by Capacity and Application: Voltage regulators can be classified into small regulators (a few watts to several kilowatts, used in laboratories or household appliances) and large regulators (tens to thousands of kilowatts, used in large equipment such as industrial, medical, and communication systems).
Classification by Structure: Voltage regulators can be classified into oil-immersed regulators, mechanical (e.g., servo-type) regulators, and contactless (electronic) regulators.
Classification by Function: Voltage regulators can be classified into boost regulators, buck regulators, and floating regulators.
Other classification methods: In addition, based on the conversion method, voltage regulators can be divided into linear regulators and switching regulators; based on the control method, they can be divided into fixed step, adjustable step, and variable voltage regulators, etc.
